Thursday, February 26, 2015

Osoosi : Ifa and The Spirit of The Tracker by Awo Falokun

In Ogun state they have an Orisa, or Force in Nature that is called Osoosi. In this country it is usually spelled Ochosi. We have the influence of Spanish speaking Orisa worshippers because there is no "c" in the Yoruba alphabet. The traditional Yoruba spelling is Osoosi. One of the things that I have tried to do is to go back to the traditional Yoruba use of language so that we can get some sense of what is being said. When you see Ochosi spelled like this it is difficult to derive any meaning from the word.

Yoruba language is rich with elisions. An elision is where you take a phrase and run a number of words together to make one word. When phrases are run together to form the name of a Spirit, the words that are run together are referred to as the Oriki of the Spirit. "Ki" means "praise," it also means "opening." "Ori" means "consciousness" or "head." So we have "praising the head" or "opening the head" or "opening the mystery that illuminates the head." Oriki is a form of praise poetry that describes the inner essence of the Spirit. The Oriki of an Orisa is both the one key sentence used to form the name of the Orisa and a rather lengthy praise poem that recites the history of the Orisa.

Looking at the word Osoosi, it is very simple to break it down into two words. "Oso" is the word for "sorcery." That is not a pejorative word, I use sorcery as a reference to the ability to astral travel. Anybody who has the power to go out of their body has the power of oso. Parapsychologists call this OBE or out of body experiences. But oso refers to out of body experiences that are invoked intentionally. Moving out of your body with your intention and invocation as the trigger is the power of oso. "Osi," have you every heard me say "otun, osi?" That means right and left. "Osi" is left.

What we get in English is "sorcery left." That does not make good sense in English, but it is a very clear reference in Ifa. You are all familiar with the divining tray. The right side of the tray relates to what has manifest in the present. The left side of the tray relates to that which is hidden.

Odu Ifa has a right and a left component. The marks of the Odu are a mandala. The simplest way to look at the Odu is to consider that the right side represents what is happening in the physical world in the present. The left side represents what is happening in the invisible world. It usually represents that which has not yet come into Being. Ifa is based on the belief that all things which can potentially come into Being exist in potential in the invisible realm. The right side is manifest and the left side is what lies in potential. The clearest example of that polarity would be conscious verses unconscious. What you think is the problem and what is really the problem. The analogy applies to every realm of Being. When it rains the weather is caused by the conjunction of invisible pressure fronts. The examples are endless.

If you look at the idea of atomic structure, the idea of a nucleus at the center and rings of power surrounding the center. When I went to school we were taught that there were little dots that circled around the nucleus. Now they teach that waves of energy flow around the nucleus without having a specific mass. The way the outer pattern flows is effected by what is pulling it at the center. The right side of the Odu could be considered the outer rim of the atom and the left side of the Odu could be considered the center of the atom. This sets up a polarity that is effected by the number of single and double lines in each quadragram. Western science teaches that atoms are made from one form of energy that merges together in different sets of relationships. It is these relationships that create diversity in the universe.

What you have with Odu is a map of the possible relationships between primal forms of energy. I suspect that the more we studied it, the more we could correlate Odu with scientific phenomena in physics. We would see just how profound the system of Odu really is. I believe that it represents a tremendous breakthrough in the human perception of the world in terms of identifying primal forces in Nature.

Whenever Ifa makes a reference to osi, the left hand side it is referring to that which is invisible, or that which is not seen, or that which is not yet manifest. If you have the ability to travel out of your body, you have the ability to effect your physical environment without being seen.

Osoosi clearly means having an invisible influence through the power of sorcery. Nigerians refer to this ability in British English by saying "being a lefty." When I first heard that phrase it took me a while to understand what they were talking about. I finally figured out that it meant the ability to effect things without being seen.

Now we have some understanding of the Oriki of Osoosi and what it means in terms of the elision of the word itself. The other thing I want to point out is that Ogun state is located near the coast of Nigeria. Osoosi is only found as an Orisa in Ogun state. You don't find it in Ile Ife, you don't find it in Oyo. There is throughout Nigeria what I would call local Orisa that only occur in certain regions. There are other Orisa that occur throughout Yorubaland. There are two or three that come to mind that are only found in Ogun state. Osoosi is one, Agemo is another and the other is Lagua. Those are three Orisa that are indigenous to Ogun state, that you don't find in the rest of Nigeria.

The fact that Osoosi is so prevalent in the West tells us something about history. We have an Orisa that is only found in Ogun state that is very popular in the West. That tells us that a significant number of slaves who came from Africa to Cuba were from Ogun state. The reason I bring that up is because I have heard different interpretations of this fact. People go to Ile Ife and they don't see Osoosi and they think that Osoosi was lost and that the religion is in regression in Africa. The reason Osoosi is not found in Ile Ife is because Osoosi was never there.

Lets talk about the function of Osoosi. You know the song for Osoosi? Osoosi ire, ode mata ode mata. Again we get a better understanding of who Osoosi is. The song says Sorcerer of the left hand, brings good fortune, spotted medicine of the forest. What the heck does that mean?

Spotted medicine is put in tattoos or scarification, that is mata. Scarification is caused by peeling back the skin, putting a piece of sand under the skin along with some form of medicine. The medicine is called "Ajabo." "Aja" is "dog" and "bo" is from "ebo" meaning "offering." This says "Dog offering." Dogs are messengers of Orisa, so ajabo is the medicine that is put in the mata. You make ajabo by getting herbs or "ewe," and depending on the function of the medicine, you gather the herbs that are appropriate to what you are trying to accomplish. There are herbs for cleansing, for protection, for illumination, herbs to improve your memory, herbs to cure an illness. That is all ewe.

The way ajabo is made is that you get the herbs and you burn the leaves so they are black and you grind them down with a mortar and pestle. You get a little mixture of stuff that looks like gun powder. Then you say the prayers and invocations that enhance the intrinsic quality of the herbs on to the powder. That powder is what you put in the incision, it is the mata.

Again, the Sorcerer of the left handed path brings good fortune with the spotted medicine of the forest. That means that Osoosi is the authority on using the medicine that causes astral travel. The ability to travel out of your body can be induced with this methodology. The spotted medicine, or literally spots, they don't make a tattoo, its more like a circular pattern of lumps. That is Ode mata.

Question: Is that done as a rite of passage?

Fa'lokun: No, it is done with a specific purpose. You could be initiated into Osoosi and not necessarily get spotted medicine. But if it turns out that you have an aptitude for this, or a need to do this the medicine would be given.

Question: Is it a form of shamanism?

Fa'lokun: Yes.

If we associate Osoosi with the idea of the Spirit of the Tracker then we ask the question what is the survival issue that requires astral travel in the forest? The purpose is to locate herbs and wildlife in the forest. The trackers in the rain forest speak of the ability to walk and to look with their right eye seeing straight ahead and their left eye seeing an aerial view from the top down. They speak of the ability to do this simultaneously. This is a good tool when you are out in the rain forest. The rain forest is filled with green trees to the horizon in every direction. Its real easy to get lost. If you didn't know the area, how would you know what is in the forest?

Osoosi as the tracker uses astral travel as a tool for both locating things of value in the forest, namely herbs and as an adjunct to hunting technology. In my opinion it does not represent something magical. It represents the optimal end of a particular potential that is latent in all of us. Because there is not much call for this skill in the West, the potential remains undeveloped.

The question then becomes, what is the Spiritual significance of Osoosi in 1993 in Oakland? That is the big question. Lets take the Ifa symbol of the cross in the tray. It is, among other things, a map of consciousness. The purpose of Ifa is to balance all the elements of consciousness. The outer rim of the circle represents the sum total of a particular individual state of consciousness. The four quadrants of the circle represent the elements of consciousness in balance.

Ifa expresses this idea that when you have balanced all the forces that create consciousness you are in touch with the inner self which is called "ori inu." It is the process of getting in touch with the inner self that we connect with the higher self which is called either "ipori" or "iponri," depending on what dialect you are speaking. It is in making that link between the inner self and the higher self that you really understand who you are and you feel good about yourself and you open up the latent potential for growth. In New Age language, its called centering. Centering yourself in this way is also the preliminary thing that you need to do to experience what we inappropriately call possession.
That is the connection with higher spiritual forces.

The word for possession in Yoruba is "ini" which translates to "I am," so rather than being possessed by something other than yourself, you are getting in touch with who you essentially are. Then once you get in touch with your inner self, that becomes a magnet for similar forms of energy in the universe and that is when possession occurs. So understand, you can be in touch with your inner self and not hook up with universal forces. That is possible, that does happen. When you connect with similar forms of consciousness in the universe there is big power surge and we call that possession.

Getting back to the map of consciousness. Ifa says that the ori that leaves the house in the morning should not be the ori that comes home at night. This means that in course of any given day you are going to learn something and you have to balance your consciousness. Most of the time what we learn is not mind boggling, so it is a relatively simple process.

Think back to the day when you learned your times tables. That felt like a big surge of information, but it was not traumatic. So hopefully if we are paying attention we are reorganizing our brain every day. Ifa says after initiation we initiate our self every day. That means every time your consciousness expands, the person who was alive the day before dies and is reborn as someone more intelligent. That becomes an ongoing goal of Ifa, the death of the old self and the birth of the new self. Hopefully moving towards greater wisdom, better character and deeper insight into self and world.

There are clear distinctions made when we go through rites of passage during which we have to embrace massive quantities of information in order to awake on a new day with a new role in the community. The first rite of passage is called "essentaiye" meaning "when the foot touches the earth" or "birth." Most people in traditional Ifa families do divination to see what the destiny of the child is so that the child can be tracked to develop those skills. The next rite of passage comes at puberty where you are moving from childhood to adulthood. This is a ceremony where you detach from your parents and break the bonding between your consciousness and the direct influence of the words of your parents. This is done so that you can start the journey towards forming your own identity. After this separation, you are taught the behavior of adults. This is usually taught by the grandparents. Men are given a test of courage to prove to yourself what you're made of. I'm not sure if this is done for women. In most traditional Ifa communities the test of courage is the use of tribal scars. This is done with a red hot poker to the face. You survive that and you have a pretty good sense of what you're made of.

The map, or cross and circle represents consciousness, and as consciousness expands the circumference of the circle gets bigger. So the leap from child to adult represents a tremendous expansion of the circumference of the circle that defines an individual's consciousness. This kind of leap in development can be confusing and stressful.

As a symbolic analogy we could image a circle the size of a baseball that represents the sum total of the conscious content of the personality of a specific child. We could say that the circle of an adult's consciousness was the size of a basketball. Picture the baseball resting at the bottom of the basketball and image that the center of the baseball has too move through a rite of passage to the center of the basketball. There are two ways to travel from the centered consciousness of a child to the centered consciousness of an adult.

One is to travel in a straight line from center A to center B, the other is all the infinite ways that we can avoid traveling in a straight line. By avoiding a straight line, I mean allowing you to resist the process by either avoiding the responsibility, refusing to face the fear or by denying that growth is necessary. So we look for community support to give assistance to children as they make this important transition.

Malidoma Some defined community as any three people who get together for a purpose. The purpose of a spiritual community is to support each other's spiritual growth. The purpose of Osoosi is to support the idea that moving from point A to point B can occur smoothly and efficiently by traveling in a straight line. By that I mean by going directly to the heart of the matter.

This all sounds simple and clear, but Malidoma says humans are the least intelligent forms of consciousness on the planet because we can find all kinds of good reasons why the shortest route ain't it. Have you seen those experiments where there is a mouse in a maze? The mice will go down the tunnels until they find some cheese. Once they find the right tunnel they will go directly to the same spot until the location of the cheese is changed. When the location is changed the mice will start the search until they find it, then continue to return to the new location. Every time you move the cheese, the mouse only goes down the tunnel once, sees that its not there and starts looking down the other tunnels.

Humans are not as smart as mice. Once we've gone down a tunnel and found cheese, we'll convince our self that the cheese is there, will think its buried under the ground, will start visualizing cheese at the end of the tunnel, we'll pray for its return, we'll do everything possible except start looking down the other tunnels. I call this the big cheese theory of human consciousness.

What we want to do when we're invoking Osoosi is to get a clear vision of the straight path, or the shortest path. You've got to see where the path lies in the course of your life before you can walk it with efficiency. Let me give you an example. I have been playing jazz for thirty years. Frequently younger players will ask me how you improvise. I tell them you have to learn your scales and chords and be able to play them by rote.. That becomes the foundation for creative improvisation. The first step is that you have to know the basics.

They can't believe that's it. They expect it to be some magic formula. The answer is you have to know the vocabulary of music, that's the shortest road to learn how to play jazz.

The same thing is true in terms of what I call psychological barriers to spiritual growth. When you do divination part of what is revealed is the shortest path from A to B. Osoosi is an important factor in almost any divination experience. You say this is my problem, how do I solve it? I say this is the solution and this is the most efficient way to solve the problem.

So Osoosi’s ase or power is assisting you in the transformation process. But what tends to happen is that people will take a problem and they will do what I call deify it. What I mean is that they will say everybody else who comes to Ifa gets their problem solved, but my problem is so unique that the whole world was created around the idea that I will always be unemployed. There is no solution to my problem, because that idea is etched in stone, that is the way that Olorun created the Universe, everybody else is happy and I'm miserable. The idea gets solidified, what I call deified, or etched in stone.

When you are dealing with Osoosi on a real direct personal level, the shortest path is the ability to cut through those rigid ideas that limit our perception of who we are. So anytime you have an idea that you can't accomplish something, or anything that diminishes you own sense of self, it is Osoosi that we invoke to find an alternative vision. Anytime you deify a negative, the circle of your consciousness gets smaller. Your regress rather than grow. Regression takes effort and eventually leads to suffering and illness. The reason regression takes effort is because you have to constantly distort your perception of reality to conform to your negative self image.

Things can happen to you that challenge your negative self image and rather than integrate it into your consciousness and grow, you won't see it, you'll distort it. Just think about it in your own life. Think about how you have held on to an idea that was self destructive, that caused you to miss some form of good fortune. Think about how it kept you from moving towards a goal because it was more important to hold on to that negative self image.

An obvious example would be alcoholism. The only way I can get through the day is to drink. That becomes your deified concept of yourself. Everyday that you hold on to that idea your objective perception of who you are and who you could become diminishes. On some level we all do this. So with メssi we begin to look for alternatives to what psychologists call regression and what Ifa calls being possessed by elenini. The elenini is a self invoked and self generated demon. They limit your growth. Self created demons are the hardest to destroy because they have no existence in the first place. As a diviner when you encounter
elenini, you know that you can't kill it, all you can do is educate it, try and convince the elenini that it is not real.

Having taken this to a practical level, I would like to take it back into the cosmological and metaphysical realms. If we make a horizontal line that represents the spectrum of light, the top end is ultra violet and the bottom end is infrared. So you're all aware of the notion that we use our eyeballs to look at the light spectrum somewhere in the middle. There are vibrations of light on the lower end and on the higher end of the spectrum that we cannot see.

If you really think about the Ifa concept of "Orun" which is poorly translated to mean "Heaven" and I think more accurately translated to mean "invisible dimension." If you look at the science of light, it is true without a doubt that there are invisible light rays that have an influence on visual reality. These light rays cannot be seen. That means we can say that there is an invisible dimension that helps shape the physical dimension. That in my judgment is what Ifa means when it speaks of Orun. It is not heaven, it is not the pearly gates, it is the invisible dimension of the physical environment that has clear substance and effect and real power, we just can't see it. The reason I believe this, is because Ifa refers to Orun as being on the earth, under the earth, above the clouds, in our own consciousness, with the living, and with the dead. There are seven different names for Orun which are located, I believe on different frequencies along the spectrum of light.

What is it that allows us to see along a particular band of light? We are controlled by gravity, time and substance. If we had a different field of gravity and a different sense of time, we would be looking at a different frequency along the spectrum of light. When you have oso the ability to go out of your body, then the first thing you are doing is liberating yourself from the effects of gravity. In addition to being able to go into the forest and see things in the physical realm, you can also see things in the invisible realm. It is my belief that the really wise and adept masters of Ifa including the shamans of Osoosi, both see and enter physically these dimensions of light that are not normally visible.

If you can physically enter that dimension, you can see invisible influences and you can effect them in ways that will cause them to have an impact on the visible realm. If you are able to do that, to those who are unable to do that, what you do appears miraculous. It isn't. You just have the key to enter those realms. If you don't know how a car works, the work of a mechanic can seem like magic.

In Ifa there are two ways to enter the invisible realm. One is through the use of eiye which is the spirit of a dead bird that is used to pull yourself out of your body. The other is through Osoosi. Ifa has its own tradition of dwarfs and little people and they are associated with Osoosi. They are described in one of two forms. One is as small people who look like regular people in terms of their proportions, expect they're real tiny. The other is as what I call little fur balls. Do you remember the "Trouble with Tribbels" on Star Trek? That's the other way that the spirit helpers for Osoosi manifest in Africa.

When these spirits appear visually and spontaneously out in the forest, which they do for people who are sensitive, it becomes a matter of caution. That is because when you get into the upper regions of the light spectrum time and space become distorted. So when the fur balls appear, if you follow them, you can literally disappear and reappear somewhere else. This is interesting, because that's not so far different from the description of UFO abductions. I'm not sure that isn't a spiritual phenomena rather than an outer space phenomena.

The idea is that Osoosi;s helpers are taking you into the invisible realm and this is a long and well established tradition in Africa. Malidoma Some actually speaks of this much more eloquently, because in Africa its such a normal aspect of life, there is very little need to explain it. If you came to visit me from a different country and you didn't have a grocery store you may be interested in it and you may want me to describe it, but it would be just too mundane for me to bother with. So this kind of phenomena, although its not prevalent, it is mundane enough so there is not a lot of discussion or attempt at explanation. Its not like my friends in Africa are saying yo' Fa'lokun come and see the fur balls.

But there are certain places that are accessible gateways into this dimension that work as shrines that lead you into different realms. Those gateways are usually rocks or particular trees and when people approach those things they literally walk into the tree, or walk into the rock and disappear. They may reappear three or four hours later. This implies a mastery of the ability to shift dimensions. This is an aspect of Ifa that is still used and preserved and worked with in Africa that we don't have a clue about in this country. When you hear that Ifa is in regression in Africa, do not believe it. Especially in regard to this kind of phenomena.

Question: You said earlier that when you go into this Osoosi state the realm you enter has physical substance.

Fa'lokun: That's right.

Question: Couldn't UFO's be a manifestation of the physical aspects of this dimension?

 We have the spectrum of light and I have said that one way to enter the invisible spectrum is to leave your body. The other way is to stay in your body and open your visual powers of perception, so that the invisible realm all around you becomes visible. One method is to project your consciousness out of your body, the other is taping into higher vibrations of perception. Now I have experienced a little bit of both. When you go out of your body you see the physical environment around you. You are aware that you are not where you should be. When your visual powers begin to open up, you see things in the environment that should not be there and they are transparent in the classic sense of ghost phenomena. The thing that is mind boggling about this experience is that even though the things you see are transparent, they are tactile. If you reach out and touch it there is a sense of interaction. The brief experience that I have had of this type of interaction suggests to me that it can be used as a powerful tool for transformation.

Question: Is that like shape shifting?

Fa'lokun: Yes, shape shifting is an aspect of Osoosi that I did not go into. Shape shifting involves going into possession with the spirit of an animal, not so that you look like the animal to someone around you, but so that you feel like the animal to other animals. So it is possible to shape shift as a tool of hunting. If you are able to go into possession with the spirit of an animal, then you have the ability to blend with those animals in the forest. This is a hunting technique, but it does not manifest in real life the way it does in the movies.

Questions: Is shape shifting associated with Oya?

Fa'lokun: Yes.

Question: What is the relationship between Osoosi and Oya?

Fa'lokun: Osoosi is a local spirit and Oya is a much more universal spirit in Nigeria. Oya's oso or out of body ability is more associated with being pulled out of the body by a bird spirit. When a woman goes out of her body using the spirit of a bird, it is not always women, but usually women and Oya women in particular who have this skill, they lay down on a matt and they have someone guiding the out of body experience. They are painted and when you see them, they look like they are dead, they are barely breathing and there is no movement. Sometimes that is used as way of searching for certain things. It is also used as form of protection. It can be used to stimulate nightmares and cause aggravation. That is done in the context of self protection and communal protection. If someone was attacking a village and all the women of the village were astral traveling as the enemy was approaching, that can be very distracting to the enemy assault.

Question: Osoosi will direct you to your spiritual path, what about Elegba?

Fa'lokun: Esu is the gatekeeper. Esu's function is to put us at the center of tray. When you say put us on the right path, you can't go from point A to point B without moving from your center. You cannot grow while being stuck in a place of fear for example. Esu puts us in the center of our self. That is symbolically called the gate or doorway through which movement occurs, but it is not the movement itself. You know people always say my life would get better if I would win the lottery. There is no way that you can grow spiritually while sitting around waiting to be saved by the lottery. You are living in fantasy or illusion and there is no way to move forward while being possessed by illusion.

Before you can begin a spiritual journey, you have to come face to face with your inner self. If you are not face to face with your inner self you are in a state of Esu ni ba ko, or in proper Yoruba Esu ipako. People who are not centered, according to Ifa, have problems in the back of their neck. This is the place that links the head and the heart. Once you are thinking the same thing that you are feeling, then the head and the heart are in alignment. You are no longer possessed by a fragment of your consciousness, you are in the center of the tray. You are at a place where you can open the door that will allow you to step on the path. Coming to the center is Esu's role.

Once the door is open and you see where the path is heading, then you invoke Ogun to clear away the obstacles. That is the reason why we associate Esu, Osoosi and Ogun because they have the inter-relationship that allows for growth. Their interaction is the fundamental Ifa paradigm for growth. These three spirits are called Ebora and the fourth Ebora is called Osun. The Osun is the symbolic representation of the map of consciousness or the realm through which the Ebora travel.

Question: Do you invoke Osoosi before you invoke Ogun?

Fa'lokun: That is my tendency. Sometimes if you invoke Ogun to cut away the obstacles before invoking Osoosi, the obstacles are something different than what you expected. It is always better to have a road map. The classic example is my life is miserable because my boss is an idiot. The truth might be that you are doing a bad job. So you invoke Ogun to clear the path, thinking that you will get a new boss and you end up getting fired. If you have a clear vision of where the path lies, you can move forward.

This is one of the reasons why Ifa places so much emphasis on the respect for elders. For example, when you make the transition between childhood and adulthood, what better person to guide you than an adult. One of the real tragedies of life in America is that kids are initiating themselves with no guidance from adults. It is an effective initiation because it includes a test of courage. You know how you join a gang in Oakland? You come to the meeting place and get the poop beaten out of you. Afterwards you feel like a real man. What is missing is a clear sense of what do I do with my life? Do I go around and beat people up, or do I have a inner sense of certainty about myself that allows me the opportunity to stop having to prove myself? You can only make that leap of logic through the guidance of the grandfathers who have something to show for their life.

The other issue is the question of why puberty rites are separated by gender. In life, a woman cannot tell a boy what it means to be a man and a man cannot tell a girl what it means to be a woman. If you ever use those words, if a man ever tells a girl to be a woman and if a woman ever tells a boy to be a man, it is never ever heard.

That is why there is a need in single parent situations for same gender guidance. That is the need for the introduction of a same gender mentor. If this does not occur, the child gets stuck in ways that become extremely dysfunctional, even with the best of intentions from the parent.

That is why, in Africa, they put so much value on the extended family. No matter what is going on in your immediate family, in terms of having a father or a mother at home, there are at least twenty fathers and mothers in the neighborhood who will take on that role. They will be believable as mother and father because everybody older than you of child bearing age is called Baba or Iya. If you ever try and ask an Africa who his real biological father is, it becomes a question that is hard to formulate in Yoruba.

Question: If a younger person does something wrong they could get twenty spankings before they reach home.

Fa'lokun: Not only do they have twenty fathers in the neighborhood, they might have nine older brothers who all take on a mentor role. When you enter a Yoruba household, they will identify who is the senior brother and who is the junior brother. This establishes a pecking order within the support system of providing guidance to the children.

Question: This problem even occurs in households where there are two parents.

Fa'lokun: Yes, two parents and no consciousness of the problem. Absolutely. I did not mean to single out one parent families as the only source of this problem. Any family that does not have a connection to the extended family and that does not recognize the importance of these issues will have problems.

Question: What does Osoosi like?

Fa'lokun: Osoosi in Santeria Lucumi is usually found in the Ogun pot as a metal bow and arrow, sometimes with two or three arrows and a chain for the string. In Santeria and Lucumi, Osoosi usually eats all the same things as Ogun and is fed at the same time with the addition of anisette. So when I say the same thing as Ogun, that is palm oil, gin, nuts and yams. They feed anisette to Osoosi, I have never seen anisette in Nigeria. So Osoosi is usually fed gin. When I give Osoosi I give it separate from Ogun. I usually give a bow and arrow, antlers and Native American artifacts. The ase of Osoosi, the thing that brings Osoosi to the pot is ash. Burnt wood scraped from a burnt stick. If you want to receive Osoosi you scrap the charcoal on to the items for Osoosi. This is one of the four fundamental ase's that create the world.

Question: Why do you use Native American pieces in your Osoosi?

Fa'lokun: Osoosi has the ability to go into the invisible realm. This means that Osoosi can identify the invisible spirits of the land that you are living on. In Africa Osoosi is used to identify that which is indigenous to Africa. When you have a displaced Osoosi, in the West, you have some fundamental issues to resolve regarding the ritual technology of the new environment. The first problem is to identify those plants that can be used in a ceremonial way. They are no longer the plants that you are used to using in Africa. It is possible on the astral plane to go into dialogue with plants. You ask what effect plants will have on human consciousness. So one of the things we want Osoosi to do is to identify the function of various aspects of the ecological support system. Herbs and plants are a fundamental aspect of Ifa worship. When you go to the market in Nigeria there are booths that have hundreds of different kinds of tree bark. Each piece has a function and a name and they are commonly know in the area. Even Efun is eaten by pregnant women as a source of calcium.

When you are in Igbodu, the first thing you want to do is to identify the natural source of the particular power that you are working with . So you don't go to the ocean to worship the spirit of the river and you don't go to the mountain to worship the spirit of the desert. But if you have thousands of miles of flat forest and if you are in the jungle of Cuba, it may not be readily apparent what forces are strongest in a particular area. It may not be apparent what the spiritual use of that land was in the past.

You know the Catholic Church was notorious for building churches on holy ground of what every area they took over. The Africa slaves were much more respectful. They would invoke Osoosi to discover how the land was used before they arrived. They used Osoosi to discover the name of the indigenous spirits of the land and then they honored that in conjunction with the Orisa that they were used to working with. So Osoosi was used to insure that nothing was done in conflict with the Native American uses of the land. If you want to honor the spirit of this land, the place that we are standing on right now, the way you would find out what was here is to invoke Osoosi and have Osoosi bring back that information. That way you are not invoking conflicting spirits on this land that would neutralize their effectiveness. If you invoked the spirit of fire in the place that was used for the spirit of water you would negate any power that you were trying to generate.

The big unwritten chapter in American history is the relationship between Native Americans and African Americans, especially during slavery and the period immediately afterwards. Many freed slaves after the Civil War went to Oklahoma and lived on reservations. So we have a very large African American, Native American ethnic mix in this country. When two cultures get together they exchange ideas. The relationship between herbs and the land as it was preserved in Native American spirituality needed to be assimilated into traditionally African spirituality as it was practiced on this land. It is my belief that Osoosi, or something similar, played a big role in this assimilation process. Osoosi was a spiritual mediator in the blending of these two traditions. The Language of Orisa in Cuba is a mixture of Yoruba, Spanish and Native American dialects. That is an interesting preservation. It is its own dialect. When I say that Osoosi spelled Ochosi is not proper Yoruba, it does not diminish the fact that it is proper in Lucumi dialect, which has its own inherent credibility.

Question: Do you think Osoosi could explore outer space?

Fa'lokun: Do you know the Dogons? They have a ritual that they do every 51 years to celebrate the elliptic of the dark star that travels around Sirius. They have been doing this for thousands of years. They have mapped the orbit and they celebrate the cycle of the orbit. The first time that this star was seen by a telescope was about ten years ago. It is invisible to the naked eye. This is either a remarkable coincidence, or they received the information from extra-terrestrials, or they have highly evolved use of out of body perception. There is no way to trace the origin of this tradition, but my vote is on astral travel.

EBORA: Ifa and the Hero's Journey

       Ebora is the Yoruba word for presenting an offering.  It is a generic reference to a group of Spiritual powers that is associated with rituals of elevation.  In the West the word ebora is I believe frequently inaccurately translated to mean warrior.  The source of the confusion might be the fact that most rituals of personal and collective elevation include elements of protection.  This is based on the observation that every positive step in spiritual growth is met with an equal and opposite force of negativity.

  The Spiritual Forces included in the grouping of Ebora include Esu, Osoosi, Ogun, Sango and Obatala.  These Immortals working in tandem are the transcendent archetype for what Joseph Campbell described as the Hero’s Journey.  Campbell was a folklorist who collected myths and legends from all over the world.  Based on his comparative study he believed that there was a common story that ran throughout all culture and was repeated throughout history.  He called this story the Hero’s Journey and postulated the theory that the Hero’s Journey was an externalization of the internal process that takes place during the arch of spiritual growth.

  He described this arch as a disruption in normal life.  In Ifa this disruption is believed to be caused by Esu in his role as Trickster.  It is the function of the Trickster to through us into an unexpected set of circumstances that forces us to re-evaluate and re-formulate our understanding of self and world.

  When we are pushed into new circumstances we need to find our way home, meaning we need to re-integrate our perception of self and world with the incorporation of new information.  In folklore finding the way home is the function of the Spirit of the Tracker.  In Ifa the Spirit of the Tracker is Osoosi.  The word Osoosi from the elision oso osi means one who astral travels to the left.  Moving to the left is a reference to the ability to use astral travel as a tool for self-preservation as well as guidance.

  Once the Spirit of the Tracker points the way the Spirit of Ogun clears away obstacles.  In the process of clearing away obstacles we find the medicine to clear away our confusion.  In the process of clearing away confusion we gain access to medicine that we can provide for others.  This medicine is what Joseph Campbell called boon, a gift from the individual to the community.

  This gift is integrated into the community by the Spirit of Sango who is the Immortal Archetype of effective leadership.  The force to contend with in a leadership positive is the tendency for political power to arrogance.  In the full arch of the Hero’s Journey the arrogance of Sango is tempered by the wisdom of Obatala.

  The book Ebora is my effort to present the Hero’s Journey from an Ifa perspective.


Introduction, "EBORA: Ifa and the Hero's Journey"
by Awo Falokun


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Iba'se Orisa: Ifa Proverbs, Folktales, Sacred History And Prayer

Iba'se Orisa by Awo Falokun
     In 1979 I became interested in learning what I could about the spiritual traditions of West Africa.  This interest was motivated by a serious of powerful and revealing encounters with Spiritual Forces referred to as Òrìsà within the indigenous Yoruba religion called Ifà.  These experiences were so alien to my cultural orientation that I found it difficult to integrate them into any familiar concept of self and world.

For several years I made a number of ineffective attempts to place my relationship with Òrìsà into some type of conceptual framework. Looking back, I suspect my efforts were ineffective because they were limited to examining rational concepts that attempted to define Spirit.  I was trying to consciously understand something that was at the foundation of consciousness itself.  My effort was, I believe, a reflection of the arrogance of most Western paradigms of self-understanding.  Modern urban civilization is based on the idea that Nature is something to be understood and controlled.  This idea is in contrast to the Ifà paradigm that conceives of Nature as a living, breathing, conscious reality that is in a constant state of growth, evolution and transformation.  Those who were trying to teach me the wisdom of Ifà were suggesting the effort to consciously understand Òrìsà was like trying to catch the wind in a basket.

Thanks to the patient efforts of several Ifà priests, I was eventually able to appreciate the idea the true wisdom only comes through the integration of thought and emotion.  This integration usually occurs during those real-life encounters that force us to transform our relationship to self and world.  For many years I considered myself fearless when it came to dealing with Spiritual Forces.  That was before I was introduced to real Spiritual Power.  Once those doors had been opened, I was forced to confront the very real experience of fear.  This confrontation was further confirmation that an understanding of my relationship to Òrìsà could not be illuminated by books alone.  The fear I experienced was not apprehension about the phenomena, it was the fear that comes from resistance to personal growth.

The message of those Ifà elders who introduced me to the realm of Spirit was a direct assault on my cherished notions about the relationship between self and World.  They taught me Ifà is a point of view rather than a collection of beliefs.  It is a process rather than a doctrine and it remains an open-ended exploration of those Sacred Mysteries that define our relationship to Being.  Once you say “Òrìsà is. . .” the concept of Spirit becomes limited, rigid and ultimately rooted in illusion.  Awó Medahochi once told me describing Òrìsà is like trying to grasp the inner nature of a man and woman by simply smelling their perfume or cologne.

The words in this book are not the definitive explanation of Spirit.  At best they are arrows pointing in the direction of transformative experience.  Symbols are carriers of transcendent forms of information that push us beyond our limited concepts of self and World.  May some of the words in this book create an opening for expanding both our understanding and experience of the interaction between self and those Immortals who shape Creation.

Iba'se Orisa Book Introduction,
- Awo Falokun

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Tuesday, February 24, 2015

Olorun: Polytheism and Monotheism

I have described the writings of Carl Jung, Joseph Campbell, and Paul Tillich as primary influences on my approach to a theological understanding of Ifa.  I have taken the information I have learned from my elders and tried to examine the source material through the lens of transpersonal psychology, the comparative study of folklore, and the philosophical structure of existentialism.  I have done this against the backdrop of etymological which is the definition of basic terminology.

Having described these influences I would like to visit what I believe are the basic philosophical ideas of Ifa and then show how these ideas impact life on the planet.  Theology is not a static discipline.  It is the ongoing process of interpreting the transcendent message of a particular prophet and applying that message to the challenges of the current historical moment.

The concept of what Western theological calls God is most closely expressed in Ifa as the concept of Olorun.  The word Olorun from the elision Olo orun is commonly translated to mean Owner of Heaven.  For that is not the best definition in terms of expressing the actually meaning of the metaphysical principle being expressed by the word.  In the Yoruba language olo is literally owner but it implies who who knows or understands the inner essence of a thing.  In context owner here means owner of the mystery.  To own a mystery is beyond the idea of knowing in a cognitive sense but implies knowing, experiencing and grasping the process needed to manifest the mystery in the physical world.  Olo as it relates to an Immortal Source of Creation implies the ability to set the process of Creation in motion.  Orun is frequently translated as Heaven, but for me Heaven is an uniquely Christian concept that comes with an entire cosmological set of assumptions that do not necessarily apply to the Ifa concept of Orun.  For me a more accurate translation of Orun would be Invisible Realm.  This would refer to invisible influences that affect the ongoing process of Creation which could also be referred to as Evolution.  Odu Ifa makes constant reference to invisible influences in Orun and I believe the idea of invisible influences is fundamental to an Ifa theological perspective.

Any discussion of Source or God begs the question of polytheism verses monotheism.  There is a tendency in the West to believe monotheism is good and polytheism is bad.  This polarity is the result of a constant barrage of criticism from Christianity that describes anything polytheistic as heresy.  To me this is an artificial dichotomy set up by Christians to denigrated Earth Centered spiritual traditions.  Christianity rooted in the belief in an eternal conflict between good and evil has earmarks of polytheism meaning more than one Diety at the core of Creation.  Earth Centered religions meaning traditions rooted in the idea of living in harmony with the Earth are typically animistic.  Animism is the belief that Diety exists in all things.   I have to say when it comes to oral instruction from elders in Ifa there appears to be within the tradition more than one view on this topic.  On the surface it would appear that Ifa cosmology is clearly polytheistic.  There is an entire pantheon of Immortal Spirits called Orisa who room through Ifa scripture as God like Beings in the epic story of Creation.  I find the scriptural references to Ori being present in all things more indicative that Ifa is animistic.  Ifa clearly teaches all things in Nature have Ori or consciousness and the foundation of the spiritual discipline of living in harmony with Nature is the ability to communicate with nonhuman elements of the World around us.

Ifa scripture is also clear that Olorun is an unknowable mystery and consequently there are no invocations to Olorun, no descriptions of Olorun and no temples for Olorun.

Ifa describes our understanding of Source as an ongoing process it is the process of bringing Ile Ife on Earth in alignment with Ile Ife in Orun.  Ile Ife is the Yoruba word for unconditional love so the process for understanding Olorun comes in the ability to manifest unconditional love.

Ire,
Awo Falokun

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Sunday, February 22, 2015

Race: A Global Divide and Conquer Mentality That is Used for Political Manipulation

I have been asked to address the issue of multi-cultural participation in Ifa Orisa.  This is a topic that I have avoided over the years because in many instances this topic is rooted in the idea of Race.  So let me address the issue of Race before engaging in dialogue on the issue of multi-cultural interaction.

The concept of Race is rooted in the deliberate manipulation of history.  Until we look at and acknowledge that manipulation the concept continues to be used to create a global divide and conquer mentality that is used for political manipulation.

In the 14th century there was no concept of race.  Europe had a gold based economy and received gold by engaging in trade with the Kings and Queens of West Africa.  The most famous of these monarchs was Nzinga the Queen of Dahomey.  The trade was regulated by the Royal families of West Africa who enjoyed normal diplomatic relations with the Royal Families of Europe.  These facts are seldom taught in Western schools.  To make the matter even more confusing there are clear indications in the business records of the Port Authority of England that Europe did regular trade with Native Americans from the Western Hemisphere.  The records indicate that North American cultures rowed large boats to England and traded furs which were used in European clothing design.  That means clothing from that period is further proof of a transatlantic trade.  Unfortunately proof and official history are not closely related.

History tells the lie that Christopher Columbus discovered America.  Here is another view on that matter.  The Knights Templars went to Jerusalem two hundred years before Columbus was born and used the copper scroll to unearth documents and scrolls buried by the Essenes.  The Essenes were Egyptian Priests who migrated to Jerusalem at the time of Moses.  (Another distorted history for another time.)  The Essene documents were taken initially to France and then for political reasons hidden in Scotland under the Chapel at Rosslyn owned by John Sinclair.  The Essene documents included world maps that showed the North and South Pole and what is now known as North and South America.  To make a long story short the Egyptians were well aware of the Western Hemisphere and the resources to be found there.  Many of the Egyptian mummies studied by forensic doctors show clear traces of cocaine that only grows in South America, which was a part of the Egyptian trade routes.  There is clear evidence that Columbus was a Knights Templar with access to these maps.  Read his diary, from before leaving Spain on his first expedition.  In those diaries he says I am taking beads to trade with the indigenous people who live in the New World.  How would he know the indigenous people used beads to barter?  There is clear evidence that John Sinclair traveled to North America before Columbus and sent records of his exploration back to Europe.  Sinclair built a fort that is still standing in Vermont.  How much evidence do we need to ignore?

The point is this Christopher Columbus traveled west in a boat because he had knowledge of what was out there and he wanted to find a cheaper source of gold then the gold coming from Africa.  The plan ran into a major problem when the diseases brought to Cuba by Columbus and his crew wiped out the indigenous population.  In order to fully exploit the natural resources in the West Columbus and the Royal Families of Europe needed a cheap labor force.  It was at this point that the Royal Families decided they would create a slave labor force using captured Africans as the core group.  The plan was to use captive labor and pay no wages this is called slavery.  In order to justify this serious crime against humanity, the Royal Families persuaded the Pope to dehumanize African people.  The Pope did this by issuing a Bull, meaning an edict, saying black skin was punishment from God on the descendants of Cain for the crime of killing Abel.

Really, that’s what the concept of race is all about?  Sadly it is.  My question is this: we have the Papal Bull you can read it in its entirety; it is not buried in the Vatican library, so why are we not taught this in school?  Could it be that western education is a deliberate deception?

Personally I find it impossible to indulge in the concept of race because I absolutely do not believe black skin is punishment from God.  I do not believe the insane notion that Africans are descendants of Cain.  I will not give credibility to a concept designed to excuse a massive crime against humanity. Not only do I not believe it, I cannot imagine how anyone would believe it.  I have said it many times before and I will say it again; racism is always justified by racists who claim to be privy to God’s Will.  Belief in the idea a human being can know God’s Will is the foundation for all racism.  That is always true, I know of no exception, as a religious community Ifa teaches it is taboo to claim to know God’s Will and to this day self-described Awo use their self-delusional connection with God to justify racism, sexism and homophobia.  Why this is tolerated in our faith remains a mystery.

Let us examine the motivation for accepting the sins of slavery and the absurdity of the Papal Bull.  In the minds of Western Slave traders slavery was justified because it brought Jesus to Africa and with Jesus came the possibility of being forgiven for the sin of killing Abel.  This has to rank as one of the dumbest ideas ever advocated by a human mind and yet people repeat this nonsense with their mouth hanging open and their eyes in a glaze.  As a child I was a member of a Mormon sponsored Scout troop and the leaders of that troop taught this nonsense as part of the “scouting experience.”  Even as a child I understood the absurdity of the argument.  How difficult is it to understand this is total lunacy as an adult?

Here is a news flash, saying God made me do it does not work in a court of Law.  Why on earth would anyone accept this argument as part of the historical record?
Bringing Jesus into the equation is the elephant in the room.  It is the reason why there is no serious effort to address the issue of atonement for the evils of slavery.  The justification for slavery has always been no matter how bad slavery was it gave Africans Jesus and the possibility of salvation in Heaven.  This is the first and only crime against humanity that is swept under the rug by invoking Heaven and the possibility of salvation from the bleeding heart of the Lord.

The logic seems to be if the Pope said it then it must be true.  When did we abandon the idea of common sense, empathy and concern for the human condition?

The idea that Africans were marked by God as punishment for their sins was clearly the historical justification for legalizing slavery at the time of the creation of the US Constitution.  There were actually a few of the founding fathers who were conscious enough to think that slavery might not be consistent with the moral values of a country trying to create a democracy that was free from Royal tyranny.  Unfortunately the majority of founding fathers were God fearing Christians who were horrified at the idea of having to work to earn a living and preferred legalizing slavery.  These same God fearing Christians then used their ill begotten gains as proof they were favored in the eyes of God.

This is a perfect example of twisted logic.

Then we come to the civil war.Some hundred years before the civil war history tells us England took the high moral ground of abolishing slavery.
Please.

The British figured out they could colonialize Africa, India, China and South America and place the entire population of a country into indentured servitude, meaning a lifetime of debt, poverty and disenfranchisement in exchange for sending their countries natural resources to London for trade.  The only competition to their plan was from Spain which was rooted in a slave based economy.  Britain attacked Spanish slave ships not from a moral point of view but from the point of view of creating a monopoly over the global economy.  They attacked slave ships to destroy competition from Spain not to rid the world of an evil institution.

To fully understand the insidiousness of the British colonial plan we need to look at the history of the founding of the United States.  George Washington did not defeat the British.  There was no final victory in battle and there was no official surrender.  The British simply stopped fighting.  Any serious student of history needs to ask the question why did they do that?  It was part of the British plan of indentured servitude for all Americans.  The Revolutionary War ended in 1776.  The British troops remained in American until 1796.  They stopped fighting in exchange for the mining rights to all the gold in the thirteen colonies.  To this day all the gold mines on the east coast are owned by the Royal Family of England.  This gold is used as the collateral for the creation of money by the Bank of England.  Britain agreed to end the war in exchange for the right to own all our gold and for the right to print US currency.  To this day every time the US mint prints a dollar we pay the Bank of England a dollar for permission to issue the currency.  The famous duel between Hamilton and Burr was about the absurdity of this arrangement.  When Congress threatened to print money on its own the British troops stationed in the colonies burnt Washington D.C. to the ground.  In the ultimate irony of this absurdity the British troops stationed in the US were from Germany and Africa.  Rather than pay the African troops, Britain gave them the island of Trinidad as payment.  Why does history not tell us the British troops who fought the Americans in the Revolutionary War were Africans?

The answer is simple, if the Africans formed an army you cannot argue they were sub human.
The point is this was all about economic manipulation.

The American civil war on some level was about the elimination of slavery.  Western education fails to tell us that the self-righteous anti-slavery British financed the Southern pro slavery rebellion.  They also financed the northern anti-slavery abolitionists who elected Lincoln president. To hide their involvement in financing both sides the Bank of England used the Vatican bank to launder their money. The bank of England who was still printing US dollars made a fortune on the death of a half million Americans.  When the war came to an end Lincoln announced he was going to stop paying the Bank of England to print US currency.  A month later he was killed by John Wilkes Booth at Ford Theater in Washington D.C.   The man who was shot by the army in a barn and who was identified as John Wilkes Booth was four inches taller than Booth, had red hair and was castrated prior to his death.  Castration was part of a ritual to join a radical right wing pro Catholic organization used as terrorists during the Civil War.  Immediately after the assassination of Lincoln, Congress broke off ties with the Vatican which were not reestablished until the Reagan Presidency.  Congress also voted to continue paying the bank of England for printing US currency.

After extensive debate Congress agreed to set up a fund to compensate the descendants of slavery by financing forty acres and a mule for every freed slave in America.  That money immediately disappeared into the vaults of the Bank of England.

Are we seeing a pattern here?

The Bank of England decided they were becoming too obvious in the United States so during the Roosevelt administration a group of bankers meet on an island off the coast of Georgia and decided to change the name of the Bank of England to the Federal Reserve Bank.  Then they passed a law making it illegal to know the names of the directors of the Federal Reserve Bank.  President Kennedy announced he was going to shut down the Federal Reserve Bank and start printing US currency through the US mint.  Several months later he took a trip to Dallas and the Bank of England still prints US dollars.

But I digress. The Nazi party came to power in Germany in 1935.  The leaders of the Nazi party were horrified to notice that Germany universities taught the idea that Western culture originated in Egypt. This idea was unacceptable to the Nazi party who firmly believed Africans were marked by God for the sin of killing Abel and the idea of giving them credit for German culture was politically offensive.  So the Nazi party passed a law making it illegal to teach the idea that European culture originated in Africa.  Teaching this idea was a crime.  At the same time the Nazi party gave huge sums of money to German doctors and told them to find the scientific proof that Germans were biologically and genetically superior to all other “Races.”  The Germans searched and searched for the proof and never found it.

No matter.

Hitler simply announced that all Germans were part of God’s plan to create a Master Race and the only requirement to be favored by God’s plan was blond hair, blues eyes and light skin.  A man named Joseph Mengele then used human subjects in concentration camps to test his theories on how to lighten the color of skin, how to change brown eyes into blue eyes and how to transform dark hair into blond hair.  Many of his subjects died in the process and his efforts were a total failure.

Are we surprised?

To me the concept of Race was created by evil people with evil intentions.  Anyone who believes differently needs to read a book and study a little history.

Having said that does not diminish the fact that many people were seriously wounded and continue to be seriously denigrated by the fact that the majority of people on the planet believe race is a real category of human differentiation.

Ire,
Awo Falokun

Awo Falokun is available for Ifa / Orisa Initiations and Workshops
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Saturday, February 21, 2015

Gender Roles in Ifa a Personal History

I want to be clear that when it comes to Ifa I see myself as a teacher who is trying to understand and pass on the wisdom of the ancestors.

In order for the body of wisdom we call Ifa to be used as a vehicle for illumination, elevation, healing and social transformation the issues of the day need to be directly engaged and passed through the lens of the Ifa transcendent perspective.

Not an easy process.

For me personally the rubber hit’s the road when we examine the dynamics of racism, sexism and homophobia.  These are all incredibly complex topics and nothing I can say is going to heal the collective impact of generational denigration.  I get it.  However, as a community we have a social, spiritual and I believe ethical obligation to initiate the dialogue and to aggressively push these issues towards resolution and healing.

That is an extreme challenge.

The process of dialogue begins by sharing our personal journey into engaging the problem of social denigration.

I want to examine the issue of sexism first.

My relationship with my mother is deeply wounded.  Sexism is important to me because I want to first and foremost find a way to heal that relationship.  Her method of dealing with sexism is to embrace a conservative Christian World View.  I believe the conservative Christian World View defines and shapes global sexism in its current historical form.  For me her approach does not work.

This observation is the starting point of my journey towards healing the effects of the sins of sexism because I believe the gender beliefs of conservative Christianity has influenced the theology of Ifa in both Africa and the Diaspora and has served to confuse the original message.

In simple terms the conservative Christian theological view on gender roles is that women are responsible for evil in the world and consequently should be given no responsibility and no authority in matters of spiritual growth.

That may or may not be true, only God knows for sure.

What I know is this; my understanding of the message of Odu Ifa does not demonize women and clearly articulates their place of leadership and responsibility in matters of spiritual growth.  That message resonates with me.  I also know this; many of my elders, brothers, and sons who share my involvement in Ifa do not share my perspective on this matter.  In other words the conservative Christian view of women has I believe infected our faith.

That is hard to prove, hard to reconcile and nearly impossible to transform through words alone.

Lets address these fundamental difficulties.

I am a student of world religion.  Every major institutionalized religion I know of has advocates for the idea that women are inferior to men.  The reasons vary the affect is the same.  In my study of world religion those who advocate the idea that women are evil consistently ignore the scripture of their own faith and claim to have “special” knowledge of God’s Will.

How convenient.

In other words I notice those who advocate what I describe as a sexist point of view always do so with no reference to scripture, spiritual principles, psychology, sociology or metaphysics it is simply based on their belief that sexism is a reflection of God’s Will.

Nice try, but no sale.

The word for God in Yoruba is Olorun and it is taboo to claim to understand Olorun.  Nothing in traditional Ifa scripture reflects the idea that Olorun made women evil, inferior, malicious, deceitful or worthy of denigration.  There are no references in Odu Ifa to the content of Gods Will.

Nothing.

Nothing at all.

I cannot say God is not sexist, I do not know one way or the other, that is the point of saying we do not know God’s Will.  What I can say is that claiming sexism is God’s Will as a justification for the denigration of women is not consistent with the ideas expressed in Ifa scripture, protocol, liturgical language, ritual or metaphysical beliefs.  It is an idea clearly made up by men to justify their inability to deal with women as equals.

What to do, what to do?

I believe as a student of theological that every question has an answer and that we find the answer by asking the right question.

So, in my humble opinion the first question is this; why in the spiritual discipline we call Ifa, is there so much confusion over the question of gender roles in our faith?

Roles are best examined from a historical perspective.  There is no doubt in my mind that traditional Yoruba Ifa originated in the conception of gender balance, gender equity and shared political power.  The history is most clear in the rules of traditional Yoruba social interaction.

The Oba or king appears to be a patriarchal center of political power.  The Oba cannot serve as king unless he is wearing his crown and the women of Iyaami are keepers of the Crown.  If the women believe the Oba is abusing his power they refuse to allow him to wear his crown and at least temporarily he is no longer the Oba.

In Ifa the system of checks and balances is intricate and multi layered.  Women have approval of which men enter igbodu for Tefa.  Women feed the trays of the awo once a year to publicly endorse their work.  Without this endorsement they have no patronage.

Men tend to be mediums for the Egun or the collective spirit of a family.  But women have the responsibility of placing them in altered states of consciousness.  It is a mutually dependant relationship.

Men tend to be farmers and produce products that are sold at the market.  Women run the market.  It is a mutually dependant relationship.

In polygamous relationships the first wife determines who the husband can and cannot marry.  It is a matriarchal system, meaning women are in charge.

If a women is threatened or abused by a man the elder mothers can insist that the elder men in the community fix the problem.  If the men refuse the women take the matter into their own hands.  If you are a man committing violence against women you do not want this to happen.  It is not good for your health.

Nothing about any of these arrangements feels patriarchal to me.

Nothing at all.

Historically the British officially Colonized Nigeria after the meeting of the Berlin Council of International affairs in 1912.  The Colonized Nigeria for the purpose of economically exploiting the oil reserves in West Africa.  In order to maximize the economic exploitation of national resources England needs rulers in Nigeria who had no interest in sharing the prophets from the oil resources with the good people of Nigeria.  As an oil company you cannot maximize your profits when the local government insists you share some of your profits with the people who own the land and live on the land where you are drilling your wells.  In order to make this does not happen you need corrupt rulers who are easily bribed.  Several hundred years earlier the Jesuits who settled in Nigeria to lie the foundation for the slave trade figured out how to corrupt the moral fabric of the culture.  They simply demonized women and removed them from the dialogue related to ethics and commerce.

When you set up an economy based on stealing children eventually the mothers get pissed.  The Jesuits saw that one coming and marginalized women by denigrating them spiritual, meaning anyone who opposes slavery is inherently evil.

Really that is what they said?

Really that is what they said.

Eventually the women organized Gelede and put a stop to the slave trade from Nigeria.  Historically we need to be clear that Nigerian women appeared to have initiated the African abolition movement.

The British say it was Stanley  Livingston, I say it was African women.

The emergence of Gelede gave the British a heads up that the problem of female moral outrage was a potential problem for the exploitation of oil.  The British dealt with this by making involvement in Ifa female mysteries a crime.  From the British point of view anyone who supported the idea that Brits should share the profits from the resources of a British colony with the people who lived in the colony was obviously a scum sucking devil worshipper.  This was the basis for the profound British notion that African spirituality is mumbo jumbo.

That was the best British theological minds could come up with mumbo jumbo.

Be clear the idea that Iyaami are evil witches comes from the British.  The symbol of Iyaami is found on the crowns of Yoruba Kings no where on earth do kings put evil symbols on their crowns.  It is the British imposition of a Christian idea related to the belief that women are the source of evil in the world that is the basis for the idea Iyaami are evil.

There was a brilliant African Psychiatrist  named Franz Fanon.  He wrote a book called the Wretched of the Earth.  In the book he does a psychological analysis of what happens when a conquered culture is exposed to destructive non traditional ideas from the colonalizing power structure.   He said some people will rebel and suffer retaliation from the colonalizing power and others will internalize the oppression and be rewarded.   In Nigeria you cannot work in a bank, a school, in government or in a hospital unless you convert to Christianity or Islam.  Belief in Ifa is used as the basis for job discrimination.

In British controlled Nigeria believing Iyaami are witches is necessary for economic survival.  It is not a theologically based idea.

Confusion about gender equity was imposed on the culture then associated with issues of survival.  That is called mind control.

We continue to see the affect of this manipulation even after colonalization is rumored to have ended.

So here is my point; it is no surprise that we do not find agreement on this issue among the good men and women who practice Ifa in Nigeria.

Outside forces have influenced our faith.

I cannot say if ultimately that is good or bad I can say it is a source of confusion.

Because there is confusion on this matter it forces those of us who deal with this issue on a daily basis to make a decision.  It begs the question: who do you believe?

I don’t believe anyone.  I tend to trust my lying eyes.

Women in the Diaspora suffer from the sins and abuse of sexism.  The question is how to we heal those wounds.

For me that is the only question, how do we heal the wounds caused by sexism?

Here is a news flash to the dudes, we do not heal the wounds of sexism by telling the women of Ifa they must listen to us because we know best.  We do not heal the wounds of sexism by telling women their power to create babies contaminates our rituals.  We do not heal the wounds of sexism by telling women they cannot touch the tools used to communicate with the Immortals.  We do not heal the wounds of sexism by telling women they have no place at the table of theological dialogue.  We do not heal the wounds  of sexism by refusing to listen to the moral judgment from women on the state of health of our families.  We do not heal the wounds of sexism by ignoring allegations of sexual abuse by men who call themselves awo.

I can say with no hesitation and with no confusion and with no threat of contradiction none of that works.

Never has, never will, end of discussion.

There is an another alternative.

When I visited with the Awoni in 1993 they answered my question about women in Ifa.  The Awoni are the diviners for the Oni of Ile Ife.  The Oni of Ile Ife is our spiritual chief, he has given the Awoni the authority to define our faith and to set protocol.  I asked the Awoni what can a women do in Ifa?  They said a woman can do everything a man can do.

That is what they said, no more, no less.  Their exact words were and I quote; “A woman can do whatever she knows how to do.”

That means training trumps taboo.

The last hiding place for sexism in Ifa in the Diaspora is to refuse to train women.

Not good.

So we have a choice.

We can follow the guidance of our spiritual elders in Ile Ife or we can follow the guidance of some self-delusional guy who is afraid to deal with women who assures us he does not have to deal with his fear because he knows God wants him to put women in their place.  Really that is your best argument, that is all you got.

Hmmmmmmmmm, for me this is not a difficult choice.


Awo Falokun is available for Ifa / Orisa Initiations and Workshops. Call: 775-741-0188 or email: awofalokun@ifabooksinc.com for more information.

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Thursday, February 19, 2015

Egun: The Ifa Concept of Ancestor Reverence

Egun

     According to Ifa oral tradition, ori is the seat of consciousness and the receptacle for spiritual influences emanating from the Ancestral Realm (Orun). Ori functions in polarity with the physical heart called Okan in Yoruba. The okan is the seat of emotions called egbe. Ifa teaches that spiritual growth is the integration of thought and emotion; it is an ongoing process of stabilizing the tension between the head and the heart. When ori and egbe are in alignment, the individual experiences ire meaning good fortune. When ori and egbe are out of alignment, the individual experiences ibi meaning misfortune. Ifa is the preservation of the ancestral wisdom that gives guidance on how to maintain balance between the head and the heart. Ifa is not a doctrine of belief; it is a way of looking at the world.

     Ori-inu is the inner self, the seat of perception and the unknowable knower. The inner self becomes known to consciousness (ori) as the head and heart stabilize their alignment. Access to ori-inu facilitates altered states of consciousness described in Ifa as Spirit communication. Traditional Yoruba culture integrates Spirit communication into the discipline of personal development and uses it as a tool to support spiritual growth. Messages from Spirit can include a vision of the higher self (iponri). The perception of iponri is a vision of human potential or destiny (ayanmo). Ifa teaches that destiny is based on a personal manifestation of iwa-pele meaning good character. According to Ifa cosmology, we are born good and blessed children (omo rere) and choose a destiny prior to incarnation that reflects our essential goodness. Finding destiny is a quest to do the right thing, from an ethical perspective, in any given moment Ifa is a spiritual legacy that predates recorded history, coming from a time when the veil between human consciousness and the voice of Spirit was extremely thin. In the words of Ifa oral scripture, Yoruba cosmology developed at a time when both humans and Spirit walked the Earth. It is my personal belief that our ancient African ancestors had clear access to inter-dimensional beings (Orisa and Egun) who gave them clear and effective instruction on how to place the head and the heart in alignment and from that place of alignment taught them how to live in harmony with the natural environment.

     A Yoruba proverb says we become who we are by standing on the shoulders of those who come before us. From the perspective of traditional Yoruba culture, remembering those who came before us is a sacred obligation. Each generation takes responsibility for preserving the wisdom of the ancestors. In most earth-centered cultures, meaning those cultures that make an effort to live in harmony with nature, dissemination of ancestral wisdom is the foundation of the methodology used to guide consciousness along the path leading from childhood to maturity and self-actualization. In psychological terms, modeling heroic ancestral behavior initiates the journey towards self-discovery and individualization. The effective completion of this journey carries the potential for making each one of us a revered ancestor in the collective memory of our descendants. This potential is rooted in the bond of affection between grandparents and grandchildren. In Yoruba culture, this bond is called ife, which is commonly translated to mean love. I suspect the word has a broader connotation related to the word Ifa. If Ifa means the wisdom inherent in Nature, the word ife suggests the expression of that wisdom in everyday life. As elders we have a responsibility to teach our children and our grandchildren they are essentially good so this message continues to inform future generations.

     Ifa says we come to earth to make it a better place for those who follow us (ire aye). Based on the Yoruba belief in atunwa (reincarnation), future generations include our own return to the Earth we have previously helped shape. This cyclical process is the foundation for both Ifa ethics and the Ifa view of history. The cycles of birth and rebirth on a personal level are reflected in the movement between creative expansion and destructive contraction that characterizes the traditional African cyclical view of history.

     Prior to the emergence of colonialism, historical accounts of past events were expressed in mythic terms. Myth views history as a cycle of re-occurring events based on universal principles that forever appear, disappear and re-appear. Myth teaches transcendent spiritual principles that can be applied to the unique challenges of each succeeding generation. Earth-centered myth is based on the belief that all of humanity is inter-connected and inter-related. It expresses the metaphysical idea that living in harmony with Nature results in benefit for the individual, the community, the global village and the environment.

     Post-colonial myth is rooted in the idea of linear progression and is deeply influenced by the Darwinian concept of “survival of the fittest”. In this world-view, history is a sequential progression of events leading to greater degrees of “progress”. The idea of progress is defined as the increased ability to use technology to “control” nature. Those who create the most effective technology for exploiting natural resources are considered the “fittest” from the Darwinian perspective. According to this world-view, the fittest are entitled to “privilege” to ensure the continued linear progression of history. Myth based on this perspective supports the notion that some people are “better” than others. Consequently there is little attention given to the idea of personal growth and development. History written from a linear perspective places emphasis on “Divine justification” for acts of greed, exploitation, and conquest. In Western academia, the Darwinian approach to history is described as “objective” because it tends to exclude references to God while remaining rooted in the concept of Divine justification. In simple terms, this contradiction is hypocritical and hypocrisy always creates psychic dissonance. This dissonance can lead to mental illness and instability often smothered by addictive behavior. The re-occurring message of Divine justification becomes an unspoken assumption in academia and remains fixed in the consciousness of Western culture as long as it remains effectively unchallenged. As a result, spiritual problems directly related to a contradictory world view are ignored.

     In 1912, the major European colonial powers met in Berlin to create virtually all the boundaries now recognized as sovereign states on the continent of Africa. The purpose for creating these boundaries was to establish spheres of influence for the exploitation of natural resources. Frequently the newly created borders cut across long established culturally identified geographical boundaries. In order to sanction the largest expropriation of land since the rise of the Roman Empire, European historians needed to justify their political conquest. The Western academic version of this period of history is based on the premise that European industrial nations brought “progress” and “civilization” to a “backward”, “underdeveloped” region that was otherwise devoid of the “intelligence” needed to develop technological resources. Because this world-view has no basis in fact, it was necessary to stifle and destroy opposing points of view. The indigenous history of Africa is both written and oral. The written history was brutalized by deliberately distorting translations of Egyptian hieroglyphics and the oral history was deliberately destroyed by systematic genocide against those elders who were the keepers of traditional ancestral wisdom. From the perspective of Ifa in the Diaspora, the distortion of history makes it difficult to effectively stand on the shoulders of those who have come before us. There is evidence in Africa of an extremely sophisticated culture dating back 150,000 years that created the foundation for all the major sciences in existence today. This ancient culture appears to have been challenged by a series of natural disasters but evidence of creativity and insight remains clearly visible for anyone who takes the time to look.

     The process of reclaiming the African cyclical view of history can begin with a careful examination of the mythic story from Ifa oral scripture that gives birth to the tradition of ancestor reverence. In the holy Odu Osa Meji collected by Pierre Verger in Oyo state Nigeria, the early development of the sacred technology associated with communication with the ancestors reflects a shift in the balance of power between men and women in the culture. The verse also gives guidance on how to maintain a healthy balance between genders as part of the stability of the extended family. Osa Meji includes symbolic reference to the essential elements used in traditional Yoruba ancestor reverence. The text of the verse is presented in the next chapter as a basis for study, examination and contemplation. My interpretation is just one of many possible contributions to what I hope becomes an ongoing dialogue.

Introduction, "Egun: The Ifa Concept of Ancestor Reverence"
by Awo Falokun


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Awo Falokun is available for Ifa / Orisa Initiations and Workshops. Call: 775-741-0188 or email: awofalokun@ifabooksinc.com for more information.

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